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Possible health benefits

General information, not medical advice.

1. Bread High in thiamine · High in riboflavin · High in niacin · +8

   High in thiamine · 0.4 mg per 100 g, 40% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Thiamine contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Thiamine contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
   • Thiamine contributes to normal psychological function.

   1 more authorised claims

   • Thiamine contributes to the normal function of the heart.

   Thiamin (also called vitamin B1) helps turn the food you eat into the energy you need. Thiamin is important for the growth, development, and function of the cells in your body. NIH fact sheet

   High in riboflavin · 0.4 mg per 100 g, 31% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Riboflavin contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Riboflavin contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
   • Riboflavin contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.

   6 more authorised claims

   • Riboflavin contributes to the maintenance of normal red blood cells.
   • Riboflavin contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
   • Riboflavin contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.
   • Riboflavin contributes to the normal metabolism of iron.
   • Riboflavin contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
   • Riboflavin contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.

   Riboflavin (also called vitamin B2) is important for the growth, development, and function of the cells in your body. It also helps turn the food you eat into the energy you need. NIH fact sheet

   High in niacin · 4.8 mg per 100 g, 30% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Niacin contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Niacin contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
   • Niacin contributes to normal psychological function.

   3 more authorised claims

   • Niacin contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
   • Niacin contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.
   • Niacin contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.

   Niacin (also called vitamin B3) helps turn the food you eat into the energy you need. Niacin is important for the development and function of the cells in your body. NIH fact sheet

   High in folate · 105 µg per 100 g, 53% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Folate contributes to maternal tissue growth during pregnancy.
   • Folate contributes to normal amino acid synthesis.
   • Folate contributes to normal blood formation.

   5 more authorised claims

   • Folate contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.
   • Folate contributes to normal psychological function.
   • Folate contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Folate contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
   • Folate has a role in the process of cell division.

   Folate is a B-vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. Your body needs folate to make DNA and other genetic material. NIH fact sheet

   High in selenium · 30 µg per 100 g, 55% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Selenium contributes to normal spermatogenesis.
   • Selenium contributes to the maintenance of normal hair.
   • Selenium contributes to the maintenance of normal nails.

   3 more authorised claims

   • Selenium contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Selenium contributes to the normal thyroid function.
   • Selenium contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

   Selenium is a nutrient that the body needs to stay healthy. Your thyroid gland needs selenium to produce hormones and function properly. NIH fact sheet

   Source of phosphorus · 106 mg per 100 g, 15% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Phosphorus contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Phosphorus contributes to normal function of cell membranes.
   • Phosphorus contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

   1 more authorised claims

   • Phosphorus contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth.

   Phosphorus is a mineral contained in each cell in our body. Most phosphorus is in the bones and teeth, and some is in your genes. NIH fact sheet

   Source of iron · 3.0 mg per 100 g, 22% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Iron contributes to normal cognitive function.
   • Iron contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Iron contributes to normal formation of red blood cells and haemoglobin.

   4 more authorised claims

   • Iron contributes to normal oxygen transport in the body.
   • Iron contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Iron contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
   • Iron has a role in the process of cell division.

   Iron is a mineral that the body needs for growth and development. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body, and myoglobin, a protein that provides oxygen to muscles. NIH fact sheet

   Source of copper · 0.2 mg per 100 g, 16% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Copper contributes to maintenance of normal connective tissues.
   • Copper contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Copper contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.

   5 more authorised claims

   • Copper contributes to normal hair pigmentation.
   • Copper contributes to normal iron transport in the body.
   • Copper contributes to normal skin pigmentation.
   • Copper contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Copper contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

   Copper is a mineral that you need to stay healthy. Your body uses copper to carry out many important functions, including making energy, connective tissues, and blood vessels. NIH fact sheet

   Source of manganese · 0.5 mg per 100 g, 25% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Manganese contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Manganese contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
   • Manganese contributes to the normal formation of connective tissue.

   1 more authorised claims

   • Manganese contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

   Manganese is a mineral that your body needs to stay healthy. Your body uses manganese to make energy and protect your cells from damage. NIH fact sheet

   Source of protein · 9.5 g per 100 g, 13% of the energy from protein

   • Protein contributes to a growth in muscle mass.
   • Protein contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.
   • Protein contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

   Contains choline · 84 mg per 100 g, at least 82.5 mg per 100 g

   • Choline contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.
   • Choline contributes to normal lipid metabolism.
   • Choline contributes to the maintenance of normal liver function.

   Choline is a nutrient that is found in many foods. Your brain and nervous system need it to regulate memory, mood, muscle control, and other functions. NIH fact sheet

   Nutrients per 100 g of “Bread, egg”, USDA FoodData Central.

2. Lemon High in vitamin C · Source of protein

   High in vitamin C · 53 mg per 100 g, 66% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of blood vessels.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of bones.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of cartilage.

   11 more authorised claims

   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of gums.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of skin.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of teeth.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal psychological function.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin E.
   • Vitamin C increases iron absorption.

   Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble nutrient found in some foods. In the body, it acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals. NIH fact sheet

   Source of protein · 1.1 g per 100 g, 15% of the energy from protein

   • Protein contributes to a growth in muscle mass.
   • Protein contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.
   • Protein contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

   Nutrients per 100 g of “Lemons, raw, without peel”, USDA FoodData Central.

3. Parsley High in vitamin A · High in vitamin K · High in vitamin C · +5

   High in vitamin A · 421 µg per 100 g, 53% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Vitamin A contributes to normal iron metabolism.
   • Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal mucous membranes.
   • Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal skin.

   3 more authorised claims

   • Vitamin A contributes to the maintenance of normal vision.
   • Vitamin A contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Vitamin A has a role in the process of cell specialisation.

   Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. Vitamin A is important for normal vision, the immune system, reproduction, and growth and development. NIH fact sheet

   High in vitamin K · 1640 µg per 100 g, 2187% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Vitamin K contributes to normal blood clotting.
   • Vitamin K contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

   Vitamin K is a nutrient that the body needs to stay healthy. It’s important for blood clotting and healthy bones and also has other functions in the body. NIH fact sheet

   High in vitamin C · 133 mg per 100 g, 166% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of blood vessels.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of bones.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of cartilage.

   11 more authorised claims

   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of gums.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of skin.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal collagen formation for the normal function of teeth.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
   • Vitamin C contributes to normal psychological function.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
   • Vitamin C contributes to the regeneration of the reduced form of vitamin E.
   • Vitamin C increases iron absorption.

   Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is a water-soluble nutrient found in some foods. In the body, it acts as an antioxidant, helping to protect cells from the damage caused by free radicals. NIH fact sheet

   High in folate · 152 µg per 100 g, 76% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Folate contributes to maternal tissue growth during pregnancy.
   • Folate contributes to normal amino acid synthesis.
   • Folate contributes to normal blood formation.

   5 more authorised claims

   • Folate contributes to normal homocysteine metabolism.
   • Folate contributes to normal psychological function.
   • Folate contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Folate contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
   • Folate has a role in the process of cell division.

   Folate is a B-vitamin that is naturally present in many foods. Your body needs folate to make DNA and other genetic material. NIH fact sheet

   High in iron · 6.2 mg per 100 g, 44% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Iron contributes to normal cognitive function.
   • Iron contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Iron contributes to normal formation of red blood cells and haemoglobin.

   4 more authorised claims

   • Iron contributes to normal oxygen transport in the body.
   • Iron contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Iron contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue.
   • Iron has a role in the process of cell division.

   Iron is a mineral that the body needs for growth and development. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body, and myoglobin, a protein that provides oxygen to muscles. NIH fact sheet

   High in protein · 3.0 g per 100 g, 33% of the energy from protein

   • Protein contributes to a growth in muscle mass.
   • Protein contributes to the maintenance of muscle mass.
   • Protein contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

   Source of potassium · 554 mg per 100 g, 28% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Potassium contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.
   • Potassium contributes to normal muscle function.
   • Potassium contributes to the maintenance of normal blood pressure.

   Potassium is a mineral found in many foods. Your body needs potassium for almost everything it does, including proper kidney and heart function, muscle contraction, and nerve transmission. NIH fact sheet

   Source of calcium · 138 mg per 100 g, 17% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Calcium contributes to normal blood clotting.
   • Calcium contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Calcium contributes to normal muscle function.

   5 more authorised claims

   • Calcium contributes to normal neurotransmission.
   • Calcium contributes to the normal function of digestive enzymes.
   • Calcium has a role in the process of cell division and specialisation.
   • Calcium is needed for the maintenance of normal bones.
   • Calcium is needed for the maintenance of normal teeth.

   Calcium is a mineral your body needs to build and maintain strong bones and to carry out many important functions. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body. NIH fact sheet

   Nutrients per 100 g of “Parsley, fresh”, USDA FoodData Central.

4. Flour Source of phosphorus · Source of copper · Source of manganese · +1

   Source of phosphorus · 106 mg per 100 g, 15% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Phosphorus contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Phosphorus contributes to normal function of cell membranes.
   • Phosphorus contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.

   1 more authorised claims

   • Phosphorus contributes to the maintenance of normal teeth.

   Phosphorus is a mineral contained in each cell in our body. Most phosphorus is in the bones and teeth, and some is in your genes. NIH fact sheet

   Source of copper · 0.2 mg per 100 g, 17% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Copper contributes to maintenance of normal connective tissues.
   • Copper contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Copper contributes to normal functioning of the nervous system.

   5 more authorised claims

   • Copper contributes to normal hair pigmentation.
   • Copper contributes to normal iron transport in the body.
   • Copper contributes to normal skin pigmentation.
   • Copper contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Copper contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

   Copper is a mineral that you need to stay healthy. Your body uses copper to carry out many important functions, including making energy, connective tissues, and blood vessels. NIH fact sheet

   Source of manganese · 0.6 mg per 100 g, 28% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Manganese contributes to normal energy-yielding metabolism.
   • Manganese contributes to the maintenance of normal bones.
   • Manganese contributes to the normal formation of connective tissue.

   1 more authorised claims

   • Manganese contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

   Manganese is a mineral that your body needs to stay healthy. Your body uses manganese to make energy and protect your cells from damage. NIH fact sheet

   Source of selenium · 10 µg per 100 g, 19% of the reference intake per 100 g

   • Selenium contributes to normal spermatogenesis.
   • Selenium contributes to the maintenance of normal hair.
   • Selenium contributes to the maintenance of normal nails.

   3 more authorised claims

   • Selenium contributes to the normal function of the immune system.
   • Selenium contributes to the normal thyroid function.
   • Selenium contributes to the protection of cells from oxidative stress.

   Selenium is a nutrient that the body needs to stay healthy. Your thyroid gland needs selenium to produce hormones and function properly. NIH fact sheet

   Nutrients per 100 g of “Flour, 00”, USDA FoodData Central.

Claims: EU Register of health claims (Regulation (EU) No 432/2012, © European Union, CC BY 4.0), shown only where the ingredient meets the claim's conditions (Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006). Nutrients: USDA FoodData Central (CC0). Facts: NIH Office of Dietary Supplements (public domain).